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УДК 005.21:338.46:352

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2026-1-86

Bereza Valerii,
Livestock Farming Institute of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine,
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6698-2889
Sabadash Inna,
Candidate of Law, doctoral student of Livestock Farming Institute of the
National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5267-9153
Gulei Anatolii,
Doctor of Economics, Professor, Professor of the Department of Economic Expertise and Land,
West Ukrainian National University,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-0644

JEL classification: L91, L95, M11, O33

Published: 25.02.2026

The article presents a comprehensive study of global and domestic experiences in monitoring the effectiveness of Safety Management Systems (SMS) in high-risk industrial sectors. Amidst rapid technological shifts and global instability, the paradigm of industrial safety is evolving from reactive incident response to proactive risk management. The research emphasizes that the transition to risk-oriented systems, such as those defined by ISO 45001:2018, requires a fundamental shift in monitoring methodologies – moving from lagging indicators (injury rates) to leading indicators and predictive analytics. The paper analyzes the functional structure of modern SMS, based on international standards (ICAO, FAA), highlighting four pillars: safety policy, risk management, safety assurance, and safety promotion. Special attention is paid to “visible leadership” and organizational culture as critical success factors. The author provides a comparative analysis of lagging and leading indicators, arguing that the most effective systems use a Balanced Scorecard approach in which proactive data carries greater weight in operational control. The study explores the impact of digitalization on safety monitoring, including the implementation of Big Data, Machine Learning, Digital Twins, and AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things). These tools allow for the creation of “digital twins” of safety systems to model potential threats and enable predictive maintenance. In the Ukrainian context, the article identifies positive regulatory shifts (Law No. 3992-IX) and a strong scientific foundation, but also points to challenges such as underreporting of minor incidents and the need for a “Just Culture.” The research concludes that in the context of military aggression and post-war recovery, monitoring psychosocial risks and mental health becomes a priority for Ukrainian enterprises. The author proposes a set of recommendations for improving SMS monitoring, focusing on digital integration, proactive use of indicators, and a shift from a punitive to a learning-oriented management model.

Keywords: Safety Management System (SMS), risk-oriented approach, leading indicators, ISO 45001, digitalization, predictive analytics, organizational resilience, industrial safety.

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The article was received 31.05.2026

Quote article, APA style

Bereza V. , Sabadash I. , Gulei A. 31.05.2026. Monitoring the effectiveness of existing safety management systems: domestic and foreign experience. Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics and Technology. 2026. №1. 450-454 pp. https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2026-1-86

Quote article, MLA style

Bereza V. , Sabadash I. , Gulei A. Monitoring the effectiveness of existing safety management systems: domestic and foreign experience. Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics and Technology. 31.05.2026. https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2026-1-86