УДК 658:005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2023-3-65

Orishchenko Dmytro,
Acquirer, Livestock Farming Institute of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine,
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2869-1871
Khalin Stanislav,
Candidate of Sciences in Economics, Director, Leonid Pogorily Ukrainian Research Institute of Forecasting and Testing of Machinery and Technologies for Agricultural Production,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7510-5056
Sherstiuk Oleksandr,
PhD in Technical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department of Electromechanics, Robotics, Biomedical Engineering and Electrical Engineering,
State Biotechnological University,
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6426-3738

JEL classification: L60; Q01

Agriculture plays a key role in ensuring food security, economic development, and conservation of natural resources. In the current conditions of globalization and climate change, the search for effective models of conducting agribusiness is of particular importance, as it will increase the productivity of enterprises, minimize the negative impact on the environment, and promote the socio-economic development of rural areas. One of the most promising ways to achieve these goals is the sectoral specialization of agricultural enterprises, which involves the concentration of production in some regions of activity, which allows the optimal use of natural, technological, and labor resources. In the modern agricultural market conditions, specialization helps increase enterprises’ competitiveness, reduce production costs, and improve quality. Thanks to innovative technologies, rational allocation of resources, and improvement of logistics processes, specialized enterprises can more effectively adapt to changes in the external environment and ensure stable production growth. The relevance of the study of sectoral specialization is due to the need to transform agricultural production using the principles of sustainable development. Climate change, depletion of natural resources, price fluctuations on world markets, and increased competition require agricultural enterprises to analyze their activities and find ways to optimize production deeply. Specialization allows you to minimize risks, increase productivity, and ensure more efficient use of land and water resources. In Ukraine, specialization processes in the agricultural sector occur unevenly and depend on natural and climatic conditions, available infrastructure capabilities, and state support. Despite positive trends, there are several problems, including the low level of technical support for small and medium-sized farms, instability of the market situation, and insufficient use of environmentally friendly technologies.

Keywords: competition, specialization, industry, risks, productivity, production.

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The article was received 12.07.2023