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УДК 325.14

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2025-1-26

Slavkova Olena,
Doctor of Science in Economy, professor, Professor public management and administration department,
Sumy National Agrarian University
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1864-0810
Wang Zhijie,
PhD student,
Sumy National Agrarian University
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0316-8111

JEL classification: J18; J15; J45

The essence of the concept of “migration” and “migration policy” was considered in the article. Among the main directions within which the research was conducted, we singled out the development and implementation of measures to improve the state regulation of migration processes. It was determined that the way of life of individuals, actual social practices, the distribution of jobs, and differences in the living conditions of different population strata determine migration behavior. The state’s migration policy should influence all factors: the state of the employment sector, differences in the living conditions of the population, and the way of life of the population to influence the migratory behavior of the population. Migration policy is a complex, structured system containing agreed ideas, goals, strategies and measures, resources, mechanisms, and tools interacting with them, thoroughly ensuring their state regulation. It has been proven that the mechanism of implementation of the state migration policy can consist of developing special interstate programs to stimulate the re-emigration of the workforce, interstate programs for professional training of re-emigrants, and interstate programs of economic assistance. It was established that when developing a migration policy, it is necessary to consider economic trends, demographic changes, the political and social state of the country, etc. to adapt to changing circumstances and geopolitical challenges. The article provides an overview of the current migration situation around the world. The factors and consequences of international migration, as well as their importance for the development and security of countries, are analyzed. Some theoretical approaches to migration policy, international legal documents, and migration policy in foreign countries are defined. The main directions of migration policy are illustrated by foreign experience. Attention is paid to the formation and development of Ukraine’s migration policy and prospects for further improvement. The study of integration processes, which are important for evaluating the effectiveness of adaptation programs for different categories of immigrants, was conducted. Various aspects of the migration policy are considered, and careful study is required to develop mechanisms for ensuring national security without violating the rights of migrants.

Keywords: migration, migration policy, migrants, state policy, human capital, demographic changes, economy, economic development.

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The article was received 03.01.2025